Phase-imaging study in Restless Legs Syndrome
نویسندگان
چکیده
Introduction Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is the most common disorder of movement and quiet wakefulness, with a prevalence in the general population between 3% and 9% (1). The pathophysiology of idiopatic RLS is poorly understood. Clinical and pharmacological observations point towards a central role for the dopaminergic system and iron metabolism (2). The potential role of iron metabolism involvement in RLS is indicated primarily by those secondary causes of RLS in which iron insufficiency is clear, but also from some limited pharmacological studies. Several studies showed a relation between low ferritin concentrations and symptoms of the syndrome, especially when ferritin was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Studies on CSF showed decreased ferritin, elevated transferrin and decreased pro-hepcidin (that interacts with the iron transport protein ferroportin on the surface of cells) in patients with RLS. Neuropathological data showed alterations of iron regulatory proteins in neuromelanin cells from brains of patients (2). Reduced brain iron in RLS patients is also suggested by the data of some MR studies that exploit the effect of iron on T2, T2* and T2', although with discrepant results (3-5). A recent technique that measures the phase shifts in gradientecho images may be a sensitive tool to quantify the iron content of the brain (6). Tissue containing (paramagnetic) iron exhibits a negative phase in complex images compared to immediately adjacent tissue, which will have an increased phase. Our aim was to use phase imaging to study patients with idiopatic RLS.
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تاریخ انتشار 2009